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For a one-dimensional Kitaev chain consisting of Majorana sites, trivial and topological phase can occur:
- In the trivial phase, Majorana sites (dots) from the same electron site (rectangles) are coupled, leaving no unpaired Majorana modes.
- In the topological phase, Majorana sites of different electron sites are coupled, leaving two uncoupled Majorana sites at the edges of the Kitaev chain.